Legal Publications

1. Georgia and the Energy Charter Treaty The 1994 Energy Charter Treaty (“ECT”), ratified by Georgia on 22 February 1995, entered into force on 16 April 1998 (the “Effective Date”). Georgia also became a party to the 1994 Protocol on Energy Efficiency and Related Environmental Aspects and the 1998 Amendment to the trade-related provisions of […]

The 1994 Energy Charter Treaty (“ECT”) was ratified by Georgia on 22 February 1995 and entered into force on 16 April 1998 (the “Effective Date”). Concerning related agreements, Georgia also became party to the 1994 Protocol on Energy Efficiency and Related Environmental Aspects and the 1998 Amendment to the trade-related provisions of the ECT. The

On 17 September 2025, a bill introducing amendments to the Organic Law of Georgia “On the National Bank of Georgia” was submitted to the Georgian Parliament (the Amendments). The bill is currently pending its first reading. If adopted in its proposed form, the amendments will introduce a comprehensive regulatory framework for virtual asset service providers

Labor safety regulations in Georgia have become a topic of active discussion, as the Georgian relevant state authority, Labor Inspection Office (“Labor Inspection”), regularly conducts inspections of Georgian legal entities to confirm that they comply with Georgian labor safety laws. The main legal act regulating this specific field is the Law of Georgia on Labor

Companies and organizations in Georgia must use electronic documents signed with a qualified electronic signature or stamp if they wish to submit electronic documents to administrative bodies. This process ensures secure, efficient, and verifiable communication between public and private entities. A qualified electronic signature offers several key advantages. It uniquely identifies the signatory, links them

Investors purchase shares to earn a return on their investment. They expect regular dividends as profit. For many minority shareholders, dividends are the only income from specific business ventures. Minority shareholders hold little control over corporate decisions. Corporate directors and majority shareholders dominate the dividend process. They prepare annual accounts, call shareholder meetings, and decide

The Labour Code of Georgia (the Labour Code) forbids contractual terms that weaken employee protections and declares them void. Employers must ensure that termination decisions respect equality and non-discrimination. This means providing equal treatment, preventing harassment, offering reasonable accommodation, and carrying the burden of proof in discrimination disputes. Grounds for Termination The Labour Code provides

The Law of Georgia on Entrepreneurs in Georgia establishes a clear and modern framework for companies, shareholders, directors, creditors, and other stakeholders. It draws inspiration from European Union directives and aims to bring Georgian corporate law closer to international standards. Modern Rules for Business Operations The Law introduces a more transparent approach to company operations.

In recent years, thermal cameras have become increasingly common in Georgia across various industries, including hospitality, retail, transportation, and corporate offices. Initially popularized during the COVID-19 pandemic as a tool for temperature screening, these devices continue to be used today for health, safety, and security purposes. While thermal cameras can help businesses identify potential risks

Public Registry’s Verification Practice The LEPL National Agency of the Public Registry (Public Registry) has adopted a practice of subjecting documents issued and apostilled abroad to an additional verification procedure. When applicants submit such documents, the Public Registry may send them to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia (MOFA) or the relevant embassies/consulates. The